Internal combustion water injection engine

ABSTRACT

An internal combustion system and a water injection nozzle to position a water mist within an internal chamber of an internal combustion engine. In one form, the apical cone of the injection is altered with respect to the position of the piston within the interior chamber. In another form, the air fuel mixture is charged at an opposing charge to the water mist to create a water droplet gaseous fuel mixture for combustion within the anterior chamber.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/690,676, titled INTERNAL COMBUSTION WATER INJECTION ENGINE, filedMar. 23, 2007, which itself claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalApplication Ser. No. 60/743,714, titled INTERNAL COMBUSTION WATERINJECTION ENGINE, filed Mar. 23, 2006, the contents of both of which arehereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

In general, the apparatus and system as described below relates to awater injection-type system adapted to inject water droplets in a veryfine mist into a combustion chamber. More specifically, the apparatus isa rotary piston engine, and in one form, a static constant speed engine.Of course, the teachings herein can be applied to other types ofengines, such as static variable speed, mobile platform constant speed,and mobile platform variable speed.

The introduction of water droplets inside a piston chamber, prior to theignition of the fuel-air mixture, will produce a reduction in combustiontemperature in the exhaust gases, through the evaporation of the waterdroplets. In the proper proportions and configuration, the waterdroplets will reduce the temperature below the threshold, above whichnefarious greenhouse gases such as NOx and CO are normally produced. Asecondary benefit of the process is a net increase in available shaftpower from the engine, and a reduction in gas consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine system having waterinjected into the engine for reducing NOx gases. The internal combustionengine system comprises an engine casing having an interior cylinderhaving a cylindrical wall portion. There is also a piston having anupper surface and a perimeter annular edge portion. The pistonoperatively configured to be repositioned within the interior cylinderin an oscillating manner and further being connected to a crankshaft.

An ignition member is provided with anode and cathode portions optimallyconfigured to provide an ignition spark within the interior cylinder.

A fuel air input valve and an exhaust valve are configured to insert afuel air mixture into the interior cylinder and remove combusted gasrespectively. The piston, interior cylinder and fuel air input andexhaust valves have relative positions so the piston has a downward fuelair intake stroke, an outward fuel air compression stroke, a downwardpower stroke, and an upward exhaust stroke.

A nozzle member is provided having a main body and a nozzle tip regionin communication with the interior chamber. The nozzle member comprisesan actuator to alternatively allow communication of the nozzle tipregion to a high-pressure water source and to discontinue communicationof the nozzle tip region to the high-pressure water source. The nozzlefurther has a spray cone adjustment system where the cross-sectionalopen area of the nozzle member at the nozzle tip region is repositionedup from a narrower orientation to disburse a narrower apical angle of awater disbursement cone to a wider orientation to disburse a widerapical angle of a water disbursement cone.

A high-pressure pump is in communication with a high-pressure source toincrease the pressure thereof prior to the transfer of water to thenozzle member for dispersion within the interior cylinder.

A logic controller is provided having a pressure sensor of thehigh-pressure source where the logic controller is configured to operatethe high-pressure pump to increase the pressure of the high-pressuresource. The logic controller is operatively configured to control theactuator of the nozzle member to allow communication of thehigh-pressure source and the interior chamber. The logic controller isfurther configured to inject a spray cone mist of water during theupward fuel air compression stroke at a first apical cone angle andinject a spray cone mist of water at the transition from the upward fuelair compression stroke to the downward power stroke at a second apicalcolumn angle which is greater than the first apical cone angle where thefirst and second apical cone angles, with respect to the location of thepiston, are such that the spray cone mast does not directly contact thecylindrical wall portion of the interior chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an internal combustion engine system;

FIG. 2 shows a cross sectional view of a schematic internal combustionengine which in one form is a four stroke engine showing the intakestage of an air fuel mixture within the interior cylinder;

FIG. 3A shows the compression stroke with fuel where a water mist from anozzle member is projecting water therein;

FIG. 3B shows an alternative method of injecting water therein to theinternal combustion engine;

FIG. 4 schematically shows an ignition and a post injection of water inthe internal chamber;

FIG. 5 shows a cross sectional view of a water injection nozzle;

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a water injection nozzle where theignition member is combined therewith and in one form, the waterinjection nozzle is to be fitted to an opening within an engine createdfor a conventional spark plug;

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of a nozzle member in a first form whichis configured to eject water mist at a narrower apical angle;

FIG. 8 shows the embodiment of FIG. 7 where the adjustable nozzle tip isconfigured to disperse water fluid at a wider angle;

FIG. 9 shows another schematic view of utilizing a water cooling memberto cool water prior to injection into the internal chamber of theinternal combustion engine;

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment placing the supercritical coolerdownstream of the high-pressure pump;

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment where the liquid mist and the fuel arecharged whereby they are attracted to one another in a mixing chamberbefore injected into the interior cylinder;

FIG. 12 shows schematically a charged water droplet with an opposinglycharged fuel vapor positioned therearound;

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of a nozzle member that, for example,can be retrofitted to an exhaust valve or a fuel input valve of aninternal combustion engine.

FIGS. 14-19 show various mechanisms for altering the orifice opening.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Discussed herein is a system and method for water injection into acombustion chamber for an internal combustion engine. There will firstbe a description of an overall schematic of one form of carrying out thepreferred embodiment, followed by a detailed discussion of the schematicsystem for injecting the water into the combustion chamber. Thereafter,there will be a description of various nozzles and other alternativeschematic embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, there is a schematic system 20. In general, thesystem comprises a nozzle or nozzle assembly 22, a water reservoir 24, awater distribution system 26, and as shown in FIG. 2, an internalcombustion engine 25. The nozzle assembly 22 in one form comprises thefirst and second nozzles 30 and 32. Of course, depending upon the numberof cylinders in the internal combustion engine, any number of nozzlescan be utilized. The nozzles will be described further herein withreference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

The water reservoir 24 in general comprises a water tank 34. The watertank 34 holds the water supply 36 which can be from a common source ofwater or condensed by some water condensation means. A water filter 38can be utilized. Of course, the water filter 38 can be used prior to theinsertion of the water into the tank 36.

The water distribution system 26 in one form comprises a low pressurewater pump 40 which is operatively configured to be controlled by thelogic controller such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) 42. ThePLC 42 will be described further herein, and of course other logiccontrollers can be utilized, such as (in some forms) a purely mechanicalcontrol system.

The PLC controls the various mechanisms in the system 20 such as theflow control valve 44. In one form, the low pressure water pump 40provides a sufficient amount of pressure to the high-pressure pump 46which increases the pressure of the fluid for injection into theinterior cylinder 61 as shown in FIGS. 2-4 and discussed further herein.

In one form, the high-pressure fluid passes through the manifold 48where the line 50 has the pressure sensor 52 in communication therewith,which feeds the signal back to the PLC 42. In one form, a pressurereduction valve 54 which operates as a general pressure limiter can bein communication with the manifold 48 to ensure that the pressuretherein does not exceed predetermined limits. The high-pressure water isfed to the nozzles 30 and 32, and as noted above, can be fed to a singlenozzle for a single chamber engine, or possibly fed to twelve nozzlesfor a twelve-cylinder engine such as the V-12. With the foregoinggeneral description in place, there will now be a more detaileddescription of the internal combustion engine 25 with the waterinjection nozzle 30 in place.

In general, the engine 25 is of a common design. There is a cylinderbore 60 with an interior cylinder 61 having an interior cylindrical wall69 configured to house a piston 62 having an upper surface 67 therein.The piston is attached to a bar 64 which in turn is attached to acrankshaft-like mechanism 66. The crankshaft is housed within a crankcase 68. In a conventional for stroke type engine, the valve system 70is utilized where the emission valve 72 opens to allow the fuel airmixture to enter the interior cylinder 61. Further, the exhaust valve 74is configured to open to allow the exhausted gas within the chamber tobe expelled during the exhaust stroke. Of course, internal combustionengines are well known, and various relevant patents such as U.S. Pat.Nos. 1,986,630 and 6,202,613 are hereby incorporated by references. Ofcourse, in other forms, a two-stroke engine can be utilized such thatvarious ports are used to allow for the intake and exhaust of the fuelair mixture. It should be further noted that an ignition member 71 ispositioned in the upper portion of the cylinder at the cylinder head 63.Of course, in one form, the ignition member 71 is a conventional sparkplug and is described herein with reference to FIG. 6. In oneembodiment, the nozzle member 30′ is operatively configured to be fittedinto a conventional spark plug head mount opening in the cylinder headfor a retrofit to an existing engine such that the nozzle member 30′ notonly supplies the ignition spark to ignite the fuel air mixture, butfurther provides a system for injecting water into the interior cylinder61. This embodiment will be described further herein in greater detail.

With the foregoing general description in place, there will now be adiscussion of one form of utilizing the nozzle member 30. Beforeengaging in further discussion of the operation of the system 20 (asshown in FIG. 1) and the engine portion 25, there will be a detaileddiscussion of the first nozzle mechanism 30 with reference to FIG. 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, the nozzle member 30 has a nozzle body 80 defining acentral chamber 82 which has a nozzle tip region 84. In one form, anactuator 86 is utilized where a valve member such as the plunger 88 isschematically shown that is activated by the actuator, such as apiezoelectric actuator device. The water input line 90 is configured tocommunicate with the interior chamber 82, and in one form, a check valve92 allows for a one-way flow of water downward into the cylinder of theengine. In one form the line 90 can provide a fuel air mixture from theoutput line/port 167 of the mixing chamber in FIG. 11.

The nozzle tip region 84 can be of a multitude of designs, where asdescribed herein with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, a variation of thedesign can disperse the frustoconical dispersion of water into theinterior cylinder 61 of the engine (see FIG. 2) at a variety of apicalangles.

Referring now back to FIG. 3A, it can be seen that the rotation of thecrank shaft 66 is counterclockwise, as indicated by the arrow 100.Therefore, the piston 62 is in a downward stroke within the interiorcylinder 61, and in one form, the valve member 72 is open allowing thefuel air mixture 102 to enter the interior cylinder 61. The nozzlemember 30 has the valve member 88 in an open orientation, and in oneform, the PLC 42 instructs the valve member 88 to open such that waterfrom the manifold 48 is dispersed through the valve to the waterinjection line 90 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) into a frustoconical spray cone104 as shown in FIG. 3A.

It should be noted that a high-pressure system where the manifold 48allows for a simpler design of the nozzle 30 where the nozzle has ahigh-pressure control valve 88. The moment the valve is open, the wateris dispersed at full pressure and the water entering is entirelydependent upon the time that the valve is open. It should further benoted that having the initial low pressure pump 40 provides a sufficientpositive suction head (NPSH) for the intake valve of the high-pressurepump 46. By having the valve and the nozzle, it is desirable to mitigatethe amount of leakage of water. It is easier to build the flow controlvalve 44 for low pressure, and the net static hydro pressure issufficiently high from the low pressure pump 40. The high-pressure pumpshould be upstream of the flow control valve 44, otherwise thehigh-pressure pump could damage the flow control valve.

Referring to FIG. 2, there is an intake stroke and the valve 72 is open.In a preferred form, the nozzle 30 is closed, and fluid is not injectedinto the interior cylinder 61. The piston 62 is shown traveling in andownward position. In one form, before 15° before top dead center (TDC),water injection starts and the water injection is completed beforeignition is initiated.

As further shown in FIG. 3A, there is a dimension indicated generally at110 to indicate a vertical distance from the water spray 114 to theupper surface 67 of the piston 62. Further, the dimension 112 indicatesa general distance between the outer area of the frustoconical watermist 14 and the interior surface 69 of the cylinder 60, which is afunction of the actual geometry of the piston. In one form the diameterof the lower perimeter portion 75 of the outer frustoconical area 73 isless than ¾ of the diameter of the interior cylinder 61. The outerfrustoconical area 73 of the cone should generally be such that thecolumn of water is not dispersed to the cylindrical wall 69. The gapindicated at 112 can be between ⅙ to 5/12 the diameter of the cylinder61 and the gap 110 can be for example zero to ½ the height of the cone104.

FIG. 3B shows another embodiment where the crankshaft 66 advanced suchthat the piston member 62 is directed upwardly. The emission valve 72 isclosed as the pressure within the interior cylinder 61 increases. In oneform, the water stream 104′ is dispersed on the upper surface 67 of thepiston 62, and the water droplets 106 bounce and disperse outwardly. Itshould be noted that the cylinder is repositioned upwardly at arelatively high velocity, and the timing of the water droplets 106 issuch that they should not impact the interior walls 69 of the cylinder60.

Now referring to FIG. 4, it can be appreciated that the ignition member71 has induced a spark within the interior cylinder 61. In one form,water is continue to be disbursed within the interior cylinder 61, andthe water column indicated at 104″ continues to be disbursed such thatthe dimension 110′ and 112′ are such that the cone is a wider angle. Inthis form, the cone angle can be wider by way of utilizing a variablecone dispersion nozzle which is described further herein.

Thereafter, the post-injection occurs approximately no after combustionfor a duration during the piston stroke to bottom center. Thepost-injection helps to further cool the temperature within the interiorchamber 61. The combustion temperature rate is not affected but thetemperature is lower. The formation of nefarious greenhouse gases suchas NO and CO are problematic when the temperature within the cylindersin a combustion engine is too high. The in-cylinder temperature shouldbe lowered approximately to below 1200° Celsius which is both belowthreshold where NO and CO compounds are created. The water pressure canbe between 1000 to 15,000 psi to create the atomized mist.

It should be noted that the nozzle 30 can be very similar to a dieselfuel injection nozzle. With a diesel cycle engine, fuel is injected athigh-pressure, and in this case the water droplets are injected at highpressure. It can be seen in FIG. 4 that the cone angle outer region 73.

It should be noted that the engine 25 may also be a two-stroke engineutilizing the water injection cone 104. Of course, in such anorientation the valves would not be necessary. A preferred form of anengine is a high horsepower engine such as a 400 to 5000 hp engine. In apreferred form, static constant speed engine such as stationaryrotational driver equipment applications is one desired environment forthe present invention.

With regard to the water droplet size, present analysis indicates thatone preferred range is 50-100 microns for the water droplets and abroader range of 50 to 250 microns for the water droplet diameter size.The amount of water may be between 10 to 20% on a molar basis of theamount of gas or fuel injected. Of course this range can vary dependingon various factors.

With the foregoing in mind, there will now be a description related tothe frustoconical shaped water droplet dispersion cone 104. A few of theaspects of the cone dispersion of water include the timing of theinjection the cone geometry, the actual water mass that is injected intothe chamber, and the size of the water droplets. In one form a 30° coneapical angle is considered to be a desirable range, plus or minus 10°.The cone should be constructed so the water droplets do not hit the sidewall of the interior chamber 61 which would compromise the lubricity ofthe oil film positioned thereon to lubricate the piston's movement.Therefore, the water injection nozzle should be positioned in the upperportion of the piston chamber and directed the water coned thereupondownwardly away from the cylindrical interior walls.

Referring now to FIGS. 7 and 8, there is shown another nozzle embodiment30″ which is similar to the previous embodiments except for the spraycone adjustment system 130. As shown in FIG. 7, the annular ring member132 is operatively configured to form a narrow passageway 134 for anarrower cone dispersion and further can be repositioned to a widerorientation such as that as shown in FIG. 8 as indicated by thedimension 134′ for a broader cone distribution. Of course, thisembodiment could be combined with the nozzle embodiment as shown in FIG.6 to have ignition member further positioned on the main body 80″ ofFIGS. 7 and 8.

Now referring back to FIG. 3A and FIG. 4, it can be appreciated that theouter area of the cone 71 on FIG. 3A is of a narrower apical angle thanthe cone 71′ in FIG. 4. This can be accomplished by using an embodimentof FIGS. 7 and 8 as well as FIGS. 14-19. The water jet is used partiallyto cool the igniting electrodes, thereby extending their operating life.

With the foregoing description in place regarding the operation of thenozzle with respect to the internal combustion engine, there will now bea discussion of a second nozzle member 30′ with reference to FIG. 6.This nozzle member has many similar components to the previous nozzlemember 30 shown in FIG. 5; however, the ignition member 71′ ispositioned within the main body 80′. The other components of the nozzlemember 30′ are similar to the previous nozzle member 30 as shown in FIG.5. The pressure control valve 88 and the actuator 86 are of a verysimilar design. One advantage of having the ignition member 71′ as partof the nozzle body 80 is that the nozzle 30′ can be easily retrofittedto an existing spark plug hole in the upper portion of a cylinder headof an engine. In this form, the lower cylindrical surface indicated at120 can be, for example, a threaded male surface of conventional threadpitch to be similar to a conventional spark plug. The electrode portion122 can have an insulating sheath 124 such that the electrode 122 is incommunication with a charged particle source that can be of aconventional design. The anode member 125 is positioned at a predefineddistance from the cathode extension 127 to create a spark within theinterior cylinder for ignition of the air fuel mixture therein. In oneform, the members 125 and 127 are positioned above the lower lip 128 ofthe main body 80′ so the water fluid ejected therefrom does notinterfere with the ignition of the ignition member 71′.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment where downstream of the accumulator 144is a water-cooling device 145 that is interposed between the accumulator144 and a pump 146. The water-cooling device reduces the temperature ofthe water stream to above a freezing point. In one form, the temperatureof the water should be between 1° and 35° C. approximately. The coolerwater helps the injected fluid cooler water absorb more energy before itevaporates to reduce the temperature of the combustion.

FIG. 10 shows another variation of the system where a water coolingagent 145′ is positioned downstream of the pump 46′. As discussedfurther herein, reducing the water temperature further aids in coolingthe interior cylinder temperature to prevent the production of NOxiousgases.

In another form, an oxygen injection system can be utilized. This systemoption enables the dissolution of pure oxygen into the water source. Theoxygen supply (from commercially available equipment) would be placedupstream of the pump, or fed directly into the accumulator, to enrichthe water stream. This additional oxygen will act as catalyst for thecombustion process during ignition, mitigating the flame retardationeffects of the water droplets.

Now referring to FIG. 11, there is another possible modification thatcan be utilized with the present water injection system. The mistinjector 160 emits a mist-like cone 162 into a first ionization chamber164. Within the ionization chamber, the various particles are chargedeither positively or negatively. For purposes of this discussion, wewill assume that the water droplets are charged positively and passed tothe mixing chamber 166. A similar process occurs with the fuel injectionnozzle 168 where a fuel-injected gaseous mist 170 is, for example,negatively charged by the negative ion and the mist 170 is passed to themixing chamber 166.

As shown in the lower part of FIG. 12, there is an example of a particlemixture 170 where a positively charged water droplet 172 and anegatively charged fuel gas 174 is positioned therearound. In otherforms the anode and cathode of the water and fuel chambers can beswitched to change the charge of each substance.

Referring back to FIG. 11, the mixture in the mixing chamber 166 ispassed through line 167 and directed to the internal combustion chamberin a similar manner as described above, but instead of separating thedispersion of fluid within the chamber between the fuel and the water,the water fuel mixture is injected therein. Of course, this combinationcan be utilized with the previously mentioned combination such that purewater is injected in the latter portion of the upward stroke. Further,pure fuel can be injected previously; this form only supplements theprocess, or alternately, this form of fuel injection can be usedexclusively. Of course, the water injection in the downward stroke wouldbe executed with only water and not a fuel water droplet mixture.

With the foregoing in mind, there will now be a description of anotherform of a water mist injection embodiment which is combined with a fuelinjection that shares a common orifice. Referring to FIG. 12, wherethere is a cross-sectional view of an injection nozzle 30′″ where thefuel air mixture and water mist shares a common orifice 200. Theinjection nozzle can be adapted to disperse fuel as well as water atdifferent intervals where that the injection nozzle 30′″ can beretrofitted to an existing engine by replacing one of the valves, namelythe fuel intake valve. As shown in FIG. 12, the schematic cam 202 isutilized as the timing device to inject the water where an internalvalve-like system is controlled by the rotational position, andbasically the orientation of the piston. Alternatively the member 202can be an actuator such as a piezoelectric actuator similar to theactuator 86 described above. Directly attached to the engine cam shafthas advantages where the valve action directly correlates to theorientation of the piston and the timing of the firing of the sparkplug. Basically, the internal water mist nozzle 204 will be incommunication with the orifice port and be ejecting water therefrom inone form at approximately 30° from top dead-center of the piston, up toa maximum in one form of the spark ignition. Thereafter, the water mistnozzle is again in communication with the orifice ejecting water for thesecond phase in the downward stroke of the piston to cool the gastherein to prevent Noxious gases from forming. Thereafter, the mistnozzle 204 rises upwardly where the air exhaust valve opens to exhaustthe combusted gas through the annular channel 206. In other forms thenozzle member 30′″ could replace the fuel injection valve and the fuelair mixture will pass through the channel 206.

In the downward stroke in a four-stroke cycle, the injection valve willadjust to place the fuel injection chamber in communication with thepiston chamber to allow fuel to be injected therein. On the upwardstroke, the water injection portion of the nozzle is now incommunication with the orifice to allow mistified water to enter asdescribed above in the pre-ignition phase (i.e. in one form 30° from topdead center positioning). In this form, the spark plug is left intactand the fuel intake port is replaced.

Still referring to FIG. 12, it should be reiterated that in the firstembodiment, the gas injection should be done prior to the waterinjection to prevent water from touching the metal lateral walls. Thatis one reason why the water injection is done in the latter stages ofthe piston stroke in the upward stroke in the compression phase of thefour-stroke cycle.

Therefore, it can be appreciated that the above teachings can be done invarious combinations to form a number of embodiments. Further, othervariations could include having two water injection nozzles where, forexample, a first water injection nozzle having a first diameter coneinjects water after the fuel is in the chamber 61 and prior to theignition. Further, a second water injector having, for example, asmaller cone diameter could inject water into the chamber when thepiston is traveling downwardly in the expansion stroke so the smallercone does not hit the lateral wall portions of the cylinder 69.

The further variations of the fuel injection system can include a fuelwater mixing assembly where, referring to say FIG. 1, somewhere alongthe fluid flow circuit, the fuel will be mixed with the water enteringthe injector. This system is similar in application to that of theoxygen-enrichment scheme discussed above, and can be used concomitantlywith it. The fuel is forced fed into the water accumulator, where someof it dissolves in the water. This fuel-rich water then promotes theflame propagation during combustion. Of course, variance from thisembodiment could include providing a combining chemical, perhaps acoagulant-type chemical that will have polar and non-polar ends to helplink and mix the fuel with the water mixture. Further, this can accountfor a portion of the fuel injected into the chamber for pre-combustionwhere an additional fuel inlet valve can be utilized to inject fuel intothe chamber 61 as shown in FIG. 2. Further, there may be a separateparallel line similar to that as shown in FIG. 2 where pure water isinjected into the chamber 61 in the post combustion phase of waterinjection in the downward stroke of the piston. Another possiblemodification could include various alternative control systems forcontrolling the injection of the water. A separate controller governingall components of the water injection system is connected directly in tothe engine management system, from which it receives signals for thetiming of the various operations.

As shown in FIGS. 14-19, there are various forms of adjusting the widthof the water cone dispersion pattern. FIGS. 14 and 15 shows one formwhere the nozzle member indicated at 330 has the housing 332 positionedtherearound. The swivel members 334 and 336 are pivotally attached atthe locations 338 and 340. In one form, the swivel members 334 and 336can be, for example, split portions of a frusto-conical member. FIG. 15shows the members 334 and 336 in an open orientation to in one formprovide a more disbursed cone. Of course, with the complex nature offluid dynamics, a designer can empirically determine the desired coneopening by adjusting the members 334 and 336 (as well as the otheradjustment members described below).

FIGS. 16 and 17 show another embodiment where the casing 360 houses theextendable members 362 and 364. As shown in FIG. 16, the members 362 and364 are in a retracted orientation. These members can be activated by anelectromechanical device for quick actuation. FIG. 17 shows the members362 and 364 in a retracted orientation to alter the cone diameter.

FIGS. 18 and 19 shows another embodiment where a slider plate mechanismutilizing slider plates 370 and 372 are utilized. FIG. 18 shows themembers 370 and 372 in a closed orientation an actuator can repositionthe slider plates to an open orientation as shown in FIG. 19. Themembers 370 and 372 can be operated in one form by way of anelectromagnetic device where the outer surface area 374 can for examplebe a portion of an electromagnetic actuator. Of course other forms ofrestricting the orifice can be utilized.

While the present invention is illustrated by description of severalembodiments and while the illustrative embodiments are described indetail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in anyway limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additionaladvantages and modifications within the scope of the appended claimswill readily appear to those sufficed in the art. The invention in itsbroader aspects is therefore not limited to the specific details,representative apparatus and methods, and illustrative examples shownand described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such detailswithout departing from the spirit or scope of applicants' generalconcept.

1. A nozzle member configured to fit into a threaded opening providedfor a conventional spark plug of an internal combustion engine having aninterior cylinder, the nozzle member comprising: a. a main body with alower threaded region, the main body having an interior chamber, themain body providing an upper opening for a high pressure water inputline, and a body having a nozzle tip region configured to be incommunication with the interior cylinder when the main body isthreadedly attached to the threaded opening which is provided for aconventional spark plug of the internal combustion engine, b. a valvemember positioned in the interior chamber of the main body that iscontrolled by an actuator between an open orientation and a closedorientation, where in an open orientation the nozzle tip region is incommunication with the high-pressure water input line, c. an ignitionmember positioned in the main body which is in communication with theinterior cylinder of the internal combustion engine when the main bodyis threadedly attached to the threaded opening provided for aconventional spark plug, where the ignition member is provided with acathode extension and an anode member where the cathode extension andanode member are positioned above a lower lip of the nozzle tip region.2. The nozzle member as recited in claim 1 where the actuator iscontrolled by a logic controller where the valve member opens as apiston and the anterior chamber of the internal combustion enginerepositions upwardly during a compression stroke.
 3. The nozzle memberas recited in claim 2 where as the piston is in a first orientationmoving upwardly in a compression stroke, a spray cone adjustment systemof the nozzle member produces a water mist cone at a first apical angle,and as the piston moves to a second orientation reducing the volume ofthe interior chamber, the spray cone adjustment system disperses a watermist cone of a second apical angle which is greater than the firstapical angle.
 4. The nozzle member as recited in claim 1 where a checkvalve is interposed between the nozzle tip region and the high-pressurewater line so as to only allow the water to flow from the high-pressurewater line to the interior cylinder.